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When Elkanah performed his sacrifice, he would give a portion of it to Peninnah his wife and a portion each to all of her sons and daughters, but he would give a double portion to Hannah, for he loved her although the Lord had left her barren. Her rival[a] provoked her and made her miserable because the Lord had left her barren.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 1:6 Her rival: Hannah, because of her inability to have a child, was considered a failure in Old Testament thinking. It was also permissible for Elkanah to divorce his wife who was barren, but he remained faithful to her. Peninnah filled the role of a second or co-wife, in Hebrew, sara.